Add headless Pi flash script with NetworkManager WiFi
- Reads config from rpi/config.json - Flashes image with dd (supports .xz and .zst) - Configures SSH, user/password, hostname on boot partition - Creates NetworkManager connection file on rootfs for WiFi - Works with Trixie/Bookworm (no more wpa_supplicant) 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Aaron D. Lee
179
rpi/flash-pi.sh
Executable file
179
rpi/flash-pi.sh
Executable file
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#!/bin/bash
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# Flash Raspberry Pi image with headless config
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# Usage: ./flash-pi.sh <image.img.xz> <device>
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# Reads settings from config.json in same directory
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set -e
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SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
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CONFIG_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/config.json"
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# ============================================================================
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# Load config
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# ============================================================================
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if [ ! -f "$CONFIG_FILE" ]; then
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echo "Error: config.json not found at $CONFIG_FILE"
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exit 1
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fi
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PI_USER=$(jq -r '.username' "$CONFIG_FILE")
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PI_PASS=$(jq -r '.password' "$CONFIG_FILE")
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WIFI_SSID=$(jq -r '.wifiSSID' "$CONFIG_FILE")
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WIFI_PASS=$(jq -r '.wifiPassword' "$CONFIG_FILE")
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WIFI_COUNTRY=$(jq -r '.wifiCountry' "$CONFIG_FILE")
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HOSTNAME=$(jq -r '.hostname' "$CONFIG_FILE")
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echo "Loaded config from $CONFIG_FILE"
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echo " Hostname: $HOSTNAME"
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echo " User: $PI_USER"
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echo " WiFi: $WIFI_SSID"
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echo
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# ============================================================================
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# Validate args
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# ============================================================================
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if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then
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echo "Usage: $0 <image.img.xz> <device>"
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echo "Example: $0 2025-12-04-raspios-trixie-arm64-lite.img.xz /dev/sdb"
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exit 1
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fi
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IMAGE="$1"
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DEVICE="$2"
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if [ ! -f "$IMAGE" ]; then
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echo "Error: Image file not found: $IMAGE"
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exit 1
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fi
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if [ ! -b "$DEVICE" ]; then
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echo "Error: Device not found: $DEVICE"
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exit 1
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fi
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# Safety check
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echo "WARNING: This will ERASE all data on $DEVICE"
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echo "Device info:"
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lsblk "$DEVICE"
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echo
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read -p "Type 'yes' to continue: " confirm
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if [ "$confirm" != "yes" ]; then
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echo "Aborted."
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exit 1
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fi
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# ============================================================================
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# Flash image
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# ============================================================================
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echo "Flashing $IMAGE to $DEVICE..."
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if [[ "$IMAGE" == *.xz ]]; then
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xzcat "$IMAGE" | sudo dd of="$DEVICE" bs=4M status=progress conv=fsync
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elif [[ "$IMAGE" == *.zst ]]; then
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zstdcat "$IMAGE" | sudo dd of="$DEVICE" bs=4M status=progress conv=fsync
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else
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sudo dd if="$IMAGE" of="$DEVICE" bs=4M status=progress conv=fsync
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fi
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echo "Syncing..."
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sync
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# ============================================================================
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# Configure boot partition
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# ============================================================================
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BOOT_MOUNT=$(mktemp -d)
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echo "Mounting boot partition to $BOOT_MOUNT..."
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# Wait for partition to appear
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sleep 2
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sudo partprobe "$DEVICE" 2>/dev/null || true
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sleep 1
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# Try both partition naming schemes
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if [ -b "${DEVICE}1" ]; then
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BOOT_PART="${DEVICE}1"
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elif [ -b "${DEVICE}p1" ]; then
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BOOT_PART="${DEVICE}p1"
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else
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echo "Error: Could not find boot partition"
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exit 1
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fi
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sudo mount "$BOOT_PART" "$BOOT_MOUNT"
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# Enable SSH
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echo "Enabling SSH..."
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sudo touch "$BOOT_MOUNT/ssh"
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# Set user/password
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echo "Setting user credentials..."
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PASS_HASH=$(echo "$PI_PASS" | openssl passwd -6 -stdin)
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echo "${PI_USER}:${PASS_HASH}" | sudo tee "$BOOT_MOUNT/userconf.txt" > /dev/null
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# Set hostname
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echo "Setting hostname to $HOSTNAME..."
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echo "$HOSTNAME" | sudo tee "$BOOT_MOUNT/hostname" > /dev/null
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# Cleanup boot partition
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echo "Unmounting boot..."
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sudo umount "$BOOT_MOUNT"
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# ============================================================================
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# Configure rootfs partition (for NetworkManager WiFi)
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# ============================================================================
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if [ -n "$WIFI_SSID" ]; then
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echo "Configuring WiFi on rootfs..."
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# Find rootfs partition
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if [ -b "${DEVICE}2" ]; then
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ROOT_PART="${DEVICE}2"
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elif [ -b "${DEVICE}p2" ]; then
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ROOT_PART="${DEVICE}p2"
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else
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echo "Warning: Could not find rootfs partition, skipping WiFi config"
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rmdir "$BOOT_MOUNT"
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exit 0
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fi
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sudo mount "$ROOT_PART" "$BOOT_MOUNT"
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# Create NetworkManager connection file
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NM_DIR="$BOOT_MOUNT/etc/NetworkManager/system-connections"
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sudo mkdir -p "$NM_DIR"
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sudo tee "$NM_DIR/$WIFI_SSID.nmconnection" > /dev/null << EOF
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[connection]
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id=$WIFI_SSID
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type=wifi
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autoconnect=true
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[wifi]
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mode=infra
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ssid=$WIFI_SSID
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[wifi-security]
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key-mgmt=wpa-psk
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psk=$WIFI_PASS
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[ipv4]
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method=auto
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[ipv6]
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method=auto
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EOF
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sudo chmod 600 "$NM_DIR/$WIFI_SSID.nmconnection"
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echo "Unmounting rootfs..."
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sudo umount "$BOOT_MOUNT"
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fi
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rmdir "$BOOT_MOUNT"
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echo
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echo "Done! SD card is ready."
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echo " Hostname: $HOSTNAME"
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echo " User: $PI_USER"
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echo " SSH: enabled"
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echo " WiFi: $WIFI_SSID"
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echo
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echo "Insert into Pi and boot. Find it with: ping $HOSTNAME.local"
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